Connection between Breast and Ovarian Cancer: Identified Links and Risk Factors
Breast and ovarian cancer are interconnected, primarily due to shared genetic factors. The relationship between these two types of cancer is strongest in individuals carrying mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.
Research indicates that these underlying genetic similarities can increase a person's risk of developing both breast and ovarian cancer. Other contributing factors include older age, overweight or obesity, and never carrying a pregnancy to term. It is worth noting that some of these factors, such as weight management, may be manageable with lifestyle changes.
Individuals diagnosed with breast cancer may have an enhanced risk of developing ovarian cancer, particularly if their breast cancer is linked to genetic mutations such as BRCA1 or BRCA2. In fact, research suggests that those with breast cancer are roughly twice as likely to develop primary ovarian cancer. On the other hand, people diagnosed with ovarian cancer may face a 1.6-fold increased risk of subsequent breast cancer, although the specific risk can vary over time since their initial diagnosis.
Other genetic risk factors for breast and ovarian cancers include family history, older age, hormone therapy after menopause, and never having children. According to some estimates, around 65% of families with ovarian and breast cancer have BRCA1 gene mutations, while approximately 20% have BRCA2 mutations.
The good news is that some risk factors can be influenced or managed. Achieving and maintaining a moderate weight, regular exercise, reducing alcohol intake, and careful hormone therapy choices may help people reduce their risk of developing these cancers. Healthcare professionals may also suggest more frequent and thorough screenings for individuals with a history of breast or ovarian cancer to catch any new cancers early.
For those carrying certain genetic mutations, doctors might consider additional preventative measures like prophylactic surgeries to remove organs or tissues and prevent the occurrence or spread of cancer.
People with a history of breast or ovarian cancer should stay vigilant for signs of recurrence or a second cancer. Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial for improving outcomes. Additionally, individuals may find it helpful to consult with their healthcare team for more information about their individual outlook.
In a 2020 observational study, the overall survival rates for people diagnosed with both primary breast cancer and primary ovarian cancer were around 90% for both 5 and 10 years. The outlook is generally more positive when the interval between the two diagnoses is longer. However, ovarian cancer following breast cancer often involves a later stage of diagnosis, which can negatively impact survival. Factors such as age during the initial diagnosis and the time between the two cancers can significantly influence overall survival.
If you want more information about cancer, resources, and evidence-based research can be found on our dedicated hub. It is essential to speak with a doctor if you notice signs or symptoms of breast or ovarian cancer, especially if you have a personal or family history of these diseases.
- Breast and ovarian cancer's shared genetic factors can increase an individual's risk of developing both, particularly due to mutations like BRCA1 and BRCA2.
- Achieving and maintaining a moderate weight, regular exercise, reducing alcohol intake, and careful hormone therapy choices may help reduce the risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers.
- For those carrying certain genetic mutations, doctors might consider additional preventative measures like prophylactic surgeries to remove organs or tissues.
- People with a history of breast or ovarian cancer should stay vigilant for signs of recurrence or a second cancer, as early detection and prompt treatment are crucial.
- Resources, information, and evidence-based research on cancer can be found on our dedicated health-and-wellness hub, and it's essential to speak with a doctor if signs or symptoms of breast or ovarian cancer are noticed.
